History of Christianity 1: Module 8

Heretic who claimed that the Son was not equally eternal with the Father.

Roman emperor infamous for persecuting Christians in brutal ways such as lighting them on fire as torches.

A student of Clement, who was orthodox on central doctrines, but felt the freedom to speculate on all others, which led him to be closer to Platonism than Christianity in many issues.

Term that describes an early monastic who lived as a solitary individual, away from all others in order to commune with God and fight against temptation.

Bishop of Alexandria who stood against the world in opposing Arianism.

Christians should not be sought out for punishment, but should be punished if they are accused and obstinately refuse to deny Christ.

A general word used to describe all monastics who lived by charity. Many were travelling monks.

Early leader who was an old man when he was arrested. He had a vision that he would be burned alive, and faithfully testified about Christ even while being burned alive.

Roman emperor under whom was the worst persecution of Christians.

A monk whose highest ideal was poverty, who preached the beauty of poverty. He gave away all that he had, and founded a mendicant order.

Leader of a monastery. All monastics were required to live in obedience to this person.

The combining of elements from one or more religions and/or worldviews to form a new mixed religion/worldview.

Affirmed the doctrine that Christ had Two natures in One Person. Became the Orthodox definition of Christology.

Early apologist who strongly rejected the use of Greek philosophy in forming Christian doctrine, saying "What does Athens have to do with Jerusalem?"

The man who began organizing early monastics into monasteries. He is considered the father of Cenobitic monasticism.

The occasion of Constantine's conversion to Christianity, according to Constantine himself.

An early heresy that started with a dualistic idea of reality consisting of a pure world of spirit and an evil world of matter. It stressed the use of secret knowledge of the initiated in their ritual and doctrines to find salvation.

The first Christian emperor of Rome, who officially ended all persecution of Christians.

The philosophy begun by Socrates that is characterized by a division of reality into the material and spiritual worlds.

Most influential figure in western monasticism. Wrote "the Rule," in which he insisted that monks have obedience and stability, as well as do physical labor.

A Writing in the Apostolic Fathers that was considered the teaching of the 12 apostles for Christian life and church organization.

The document that most influenced the activities of Medieval monasticism.

Schismatic group who believed that the validity of the sacraments depends on the worthiness of the leader who administers them.

The proclamation that gave free exercise of religion to "Christians and all others." It returned seized property to the churches.

Student of philosophy who was converted to Christ. He became one of the best Christian scholars of his time. He taught Christianity as "the True Philosophy."

Christian thinker who drew heavily on Plato, and sought to show that Greek philosophy and Christianity teach the same truth. Used an allegorical interpretation of Scripture to do so.

Early Martyr who wrote epistles on his way to Rome to be killed. He believed that his martyrdom would be his greatest ministry because it would be in imitation of Christ's death.

An early heretic who taught that the God of the Old Testament was a different God from the Father of Jesus in the New Testament. He therefore rejected the Old Testament and many of the New Testament books as Scripture.

King over Judea appointed by Rome who constructed great building projects.

A monastery in southern France. It was the center of monastic reform, returning to the ideals of Benedict's Rule.