History of Christianity 1: Module 8

An early type of monasticism which gathered monastics into monasteries away from civilization. They lived together under obedience to their leader.

Affirmed the doctrine that Christ had Two natures in One Person. Became the Orthodox definition of Christology.

An early heresy that started with a dualistic idea of reality consisting of a pure world of spirit and an evil world of matter. It stressed the use of secret knowledge of the initiated in their ritual and doctrines to find salvation.

The idea of universal reason that undergirds all of reality. Christians identified this with Jesus.

A Writing in the Apostolic Fathers that was considered the teaching of the 12 apostles for Christian life and church organization.

King over Judea appointed by Rome who constructed great building projects.

Early apologist who strongly rejected the use of Greek philosophy in forming Christian doctrine, saying "What does Athens have to do with Jerusalem?"

Those who rejected the idea of Christ having two natures. They taught that He had only one nature.

An early heretic who taught that the God of the Old Testament was a different God from the Father of Jesus in the New Testament. He therefore rejected the Old Testament and many of the New Testament books as Scripture.

The document that most influenced the activities of Medieval monasticism.

Early Martyr who wrote epistles on his way to Rome to be killed. He believed that his martyrdom would be his greatest ministry because it would be in imitation of Christ's death.

Document that claimed Jesus to be "True God of True God, begotten, not made, of one substance with the Father."

A general word used to describe all monastics who lived by charity. Many were travelling monks.

A monastery in southern France. It was the center of monastic reform, returning to the ideals of Benedict's Rule.

Ancient Christian historian who is the source of much of our information about the early church period.

Roman Emperor who tried to turn the empire from Christianity back to paganism.

A famous early Egyptian anchorite who spoke of his struggle against the devil. His biography was written by Athanasius.

Roman emperor infamous for persecuting Christians in brutal ways such as lighting them on fire as torches.

The proclamation that gave free exercise of religion to "Christians and all others." It returned seized property to the churches.

The philosophy begun by Socrates that is characterized by a division of reality into the material and spiritual worlds.

The occasion of Constantine's conversion to Christianity, according to Constantine himself.

Christians should not be sought out for punishment, but should be punished if they are accused and obstinately refuse to deny Christ.

The standard of books that were recognized by the churches as being inspired Scripture.

Patriarch of Constantinople, who was caught in a debate over whether Mary could be called "Mother of God." His name is given to the heresy which taught that in Jesus there was two persons - a divine person and a human person.

Christian thinker who drew heavily on Plato, and sought to show that Greek philosophy and Christianity teach the same truth. Used an allegorical interpretation of Scripture to do so.

Roman emperor under whom was the worst persecution of Christians.

A monk whose highest ideal was poverty, who preached the beauty of poverty. He gave away all that he had, and founded a mendicant order.

A student of Clement, who was orthodox on central doctrines, but felt the freedom to speculate on all others, which led him to be closer to Platonism than Christianity in many issues.

Student of philosophy who was converted to Christ. He became one of the best Christian scholars of his time. He taught Christianity as "the True Philosophy."

The process of training new converts before baptism and full membership in the early church.