Module 5: Early Church Organization & Worship

Hi everyone, and welcome to the fifth module of the History of Christianity 1 Course. In this section, we'll be looking at a few remaining features and experiences of the early church.

This module will help you to understand the organization and leadership of the the early church, and how it developed. And you will examine the worship, evangelism, and discipleship activities of the early church, including the typical pattern of an early church worship gathering. And you will be exposed to the variety of ways that the early church impacted its own world, and how the results of the early church are still experienced today, in order to learn some principles that can be applied in your own life.

Introductory Scenario

Imagine that you are going to start a new church from scratch. Because this is a new church, you will design how the church leadership is organized, as well as all the practices and activities of the worship gathering. How would you go about designing all of these things? How would you decide what to include? What resources would you draw from to make these decisions? Please consider these questions and be watching for material that will help you answer them as you work through this module.

Module Objectives and Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this module, the student will:

  • Describe the organization and worship liturgy of the early churches, and the implications of these for ideal modern church organization and liturgy.
  • Articulate the nature and value of the practice of catechism and the use of creeds, and how these ideas can be implemented in current situations.
  • Evaluate the patterns and practices of public worship in early churches, and how these insights can help the evaluation of current worship practices.
  • Articulate the typical lifestyle and evangelism strategies of the early church and apply those insights to their own life and ministry.
  • Demonstrate how the early church changed their world, and using the insights gained, strategize how the current church can follow that example.
  • Place the major people and issues from this period in a general chronology.

Instruction Guides

In this section, you'll find links to important instructional documents for this module. Click the following links to open each document. There is a set of instructions for individual study and a document for group study.

Textbook Content

In this section, you'll find a study guide for the textbook reading for module 5. And then you'll find the link to a practice quiz covering this textbook reading.

This section also contains a review quiz to test your understanding of the textbook material for this module. By clicking the thumbnail below, you will be given a series of questions, in random order. The quiz will be different each time, so feel free to take it more than once.

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Textbook Review Quiz for Gonzalez ch. 10-12
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Click the button next to the best answer for each question, or drag each term to its best definition. Then press the Submit button at the bottom to see if your answers are correct.


The majority of the earliest Christians were from the highest classes of Roman society

True

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 105

False

Good Job
Which of these was NOT a part of early Christian communion service?

Hymn Singing

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 109

Teaching

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 109

Altar Call

Good Job

Scripture Reading

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 109

Giving offering

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 109

Prayer

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 109

The fantastic stories of the apocryphal gospels shows that the majority of common Christians in this age totally misunderstood all Christian theology

True

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 107

False

Correct
The content of early Christian art was primarily depictions of worship and Biblical stories

True

Good Job

False

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 117
Origin was against all speculation in theology.

True

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 94

False

Well Done
Drag each term to its appropriate definition
Cyprian
Libellum
Perpetua
Decius
Novatian
Septimis Severus
Confessor

One who had stood firm in their faith, even under torture, but who had not suffered martyrdom

Roman emperor who demanded worship of the old Roman gods, whom he thought were displeased with Rome, thus causing persecution of Christians

Roman emperor who demanded worship of Sol Invictus, thus causing persecution of Jews and Christians

Bishop of Carthage, who called a synod to decide on the fate of the lapsed, seeking to find a way that the truly repentant could be admitted, but not too easily

Argued that the lapsed were readmitted to the church in Rome way too easily

A certificate that proved a person had offered a sacrifice to the gods, and thus would avoid punishment

Young female Christian who is famous for the story of her faithfulness as she experienced martyrdom

According to the textbook, the primary reason why Christians met for worship in catacombs was to hide from the authorities

True

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 110

False

Correct
The question of readmittance of Christians who had lapsed under persecution demonstrates the tension between the church trying to remain pure and trying to demonstrate forgiving love

True

Well Done

False

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 104
What is the meaning of the word "Ichthys"?

Fish

Well Done

Communion

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 117

Martyrdom

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 117

Jesus

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 117

Catacombs

Sorry, see Gonzalez p. 117

Drag each term to its proper definition
Edict of Milan
Diocletian
Eusebius
Milvian Bridge
Labarum
Edict of Galerius
Constantine
Galerius

Caesar under Diocletian, who convinced him to escalate the persecution of Christians

Roman emperor under whom was the worst persecution of Christians

The official agreement that persecution of Christians would cease and their property would be returned to them

The first Christian emperor, who officially ended all persecution of Christians

The Battle in which Constantine, whose army was bearing Christian symbols, won control of the western Roman empire

Ancient Christian historian, who is the source of much of our information about this period

The symbolism used by Constantine on his soldiers' shields, which is likely a symbol of Christ

Proclamation to end the persecution of Christians, motivated by fear of God when the leader was ill and near death


Lecture Content

In this section, you will find the video lecture for the Early Church Organization & Worship module. Click each thumbnail to open access to the video. There are also links with the video if you prefer to watch on the Rumble or YouTube interface or download just the audio to listen offline.

5: Early Church Organization & Worship

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5: Early Church Organization & Worship
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Reviews

In this section, you will find the review slides from the course lectures for module 5. This is a convenient way to view and review the summaries for each lecture. Click the Thumbnail picture to begin the slide show.

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Click the prev. and next buttons (bottom right of the slide) to move through the slides. You can also click on any thumbnail to go directly to that slide.

Discussion/Reflection/Essay Questions

This section contains questions for further thought and discussion from Module 5. It is recommended that you take time to think through these issues in order to thoroughly grasp the significance and explore the application of the material you are learning. These questions can also be used as essay questions in a classroom setting exam. Below, you will find links to the Response and Application Reflection Instructions for Individuals, and the Response and Application Discussion Instructions for Groups. And you will find a link to the detailed question document for this module. Or Click the Thumbnail below to view the questions in a simplified format.

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Discussion/Application Questions
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The following questions are for your thoughtful consideration and discussion:

  1. What did you learn about organization and leadership? How does it apply?
  2. What did you learn about catechism? What difference does it make?
  3. What did you learn about worship? How can you apply it?
  4. How did the church influence the culture? What can you learn and apply from this?
  5. What else did you learn? How does it apply?

(Optional) Timeline - Part 5

This section contains instructions for continuing an optional Timeline activity to be constructed over all sixteen modules. Below is a link to the detailed instructions for this activity.

Step Five of the Timeline should include the following information:

  • Any significant changes from the church leadership of the New Testament church, to the later, more structured, early church organization.
  • Any significant changes of the church's liturgy from the Jewish/New Testament worship to the later, mostly Gentile, explicitly Christian, standardized worship liturgy.
  • The changes and impacts the church had on the surrounding culture.

Annotate any significant approaches, ideas and principles from the early church, which were influential on their own worship, and which impacted their society, and which are applicable to the current church and Christian life.

(Optional) Principles Chart - Part 5

This section contains instruction for continuing an optional Principles Chart activity to be constructed over all sixteen modules. Below is a link to the detailed instructions for this activity.

Step Five of the Principles Chart will add any important principles noted from the organization and worship of the early church, as well as the impact their lifestyle and evangelism had on the wider society.

(Optional) Term Project Research

The student will continue locating relevant resources and researching about their chosen topic for their term project. The student should read the research of reputable historians (hopefully at least some writing from a faithful Christian world view). But, as much as possible, the student should also read primary sources, to learn firsthand the views and experiences of the people involved in those things. The course textbook the course bibliography, the course lectures, and the primary resource reading lists are good places to start for finding quality resources. Below is a link to detailed instructions for the entire project.

Primary Source Reading

This section contains instructions and resources for the Primary Source Reading activity. The student should read a minimum of 10-20 pages from a primary resource or resources discussed in this module's lecture and write or discuss a brief response to their reading. Below is a link to detailed instructions for the Primary Source Reading, which contain a list of recommended resources, by module.

See Primary Sources

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The following is a list of the recommended primary sources for this module. This list contains links to the resources in print and/or online format. This links may change, so feel free to search for other sources for these same titles. In addition, please do not feel you are limited only to this list. Feel free to choose from any primary source from the period and topic covered in this module:

Review Quiz

This section is a link to a review quiz to test your understanding of the objective material for Module 5. By clicking the link, you will access a series of questions, in random order. Answer each question and then push the Submit button to check your answers. Every question must be answered before you can submit the quiz. At the end, you will be shown your score for the entire quiz. The quiz will be different each time, so feel free to take it more than once. Click the Thumbnail picture to begin the quiz.

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Review Quiz for Module 5
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Here is a review quiz for the material covered in this module's lectures. Click the button next to the best answer for each question, or drag each term to its best definition. Then press the button at the bottom to see if your answers are correct.


Drag to match each of the seven revolutions to its best definition.
Revolution of Community
Revolution in Death
Revolution of Work
Revolution of Religion
Revolution of the State
Revolution of the Person
Revolution in the Home

Every human has inherent dignity, and should be protected from exploitation and dehumanization

Overcame the crushing idea of fatalism with hope that all we do in this life has meaning and significance, because Christ gives it all meaning which lasts beyond this world

The value of personhood is extended to every part of the family, including women and children, those without families were protected by the church, including resisting their exploitation through prostitution, abortion, and other forms of immorality

The ideal of loving your neighbor and seeking to benefit them, in contrast to only looking out for yourself and seeking to exploit others for your own selfish benefit, even across ethnic, national, and class boundaries

The revolutionary idea that God is Love, Who came to rescue us, as contrasted with the prior standard idea, that we have to earn our way to God - God is available to all, not just to the "elite" and "deserving"

All kinds of work, including manual labor, have an inherent dignity, because they are done by humans with dignity, and produce something that benefits society, including the idea that slavery is not the ideal

The idea that the emperor is not God, and so, all governments are under the authority of God, and will be held to God's standards - so, ultimate allegiance is not given to the government, nor is any government trusted to give life, meaning, or salvation

The early church emphasized upright, godly living every day of the week.

True

Good Job

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05
Early evangelists and apologists made the moral uprightness of the Christian lifestyle an argument for the superiority of Christ.

True

Correct

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05
Which of these is NOT a contributing factor to the strength and success of the early church?

The purifying effect of persecution

Sorry, see Lecture 05

God's working in and for His people

Sorry, see Lecture 05

The intentional practices of catechism, discipleship, and church discipline

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Their commitment to be faithful to apostolic doctrine

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Their central organizational structure and support

Good Job

The newness and life-changing power of the Gospel

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Their high ethical standards

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Charity to others was a normal part of the early Christian lifestyle.

True

Good Job

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05
Which is the best definition of "catechism"?

Training in the doctrine and practices of Christianity

Good Job

Training in the practices of Christianity

True, but incomplete, see Lecture 05

A horrendous natural catastrophe

Sorry, that is a cataclysm, see Lecture 05

The ceremony of Baptism

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Training in the doctrine of Christianity

True, but incomplete, see Lecture 05

Military training

Sorry, see Lecture 05

The early church typically followed the pattern of worship they inherited from the synagogue.

True

Good Job

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05
Which of these was NOT a part of a typical early church worship gathering?

Breaking Bread (communion and/or fellowship meal)

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Singing Praise

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Prayer

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Baptism

Well Done

Bible Teaching

Sorry, see Lecture 05

The relative strength and health of the early church is partly explained by the purifying effect of persecution

True

Good Job

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05
The early creeds developed as part of the catechism, used both to instruct new believers, and to test teachers for orthodoxy.

True

Correct

False

Sorry, see Lecture 05

Module Completed!

Congratulations, you have reached the end of the fifth module. I hope that you have found it rewarding and have noticed personal growth.

I encourage you to continue on the next module as soon as is convenient. The button below will take you to Module 6.